Mercury Drug Macro Environment Essay

Demographics atomic result 80 Drugstores Primary Target Market Demographics Ages ranging from 18 to 65 years honest-to-god who may be male or female that belong to whatever social mannikin B, C, D, and E Marital status no special(prenominal) status.The available market size using research data instal that 6 out(a) of 10 Filipinos are right away opting for generic wine medicines over the more expensive brand counterparts. For a $2 cardinal pharmaceutical market in the Philippines $1.2 B autisticion (60%) Generics Medicines $800 gazillion (40%) Branded Medicines.Affordable generic medicine more available to a greater number of the nation at the soonest possible time since generic medicines are 30% to 80% lower than the branded medicinesEconomicData from researches show that out of every 10 Filipinos, 6 Filipinos are direct opting to purchase generic medicines over the more expensive branded counterparts. For a $2 Billion Pharmaceutical market in the Philippines $1.2 Billion 60% for Generic Medicines $800 Million 40% for Branded Medicines.The rate of affordability of generic medicines is higher to the greater function of the Filipino population. This is due to the price of generic medicines which are 30-80% lower than the branded ones.NaturalIncrease of cold months in the country caused augment of incidences of pneumonia. Pneumonia involves dismission of the lungs and leads to hospitalization. Foreigners, especially those from non-tropical regions, are most susceptible to this in the Philippines because they have to mark to the weather patterns.Diarrhea outbreaks have been consistently on the rise in Philippine soil, especially with the recent aftermath of Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy in local name).Physical, stirred and social factors contribute to this prevalent problem of Filipinos. More underweight than overweight, Filipinos practically have to consider societal gaps as a primary factor. The ill distribution of wealth in the country attrib utes to most Filipinos having less nutrition to eat on their plates.Many Filipinos continue to fall victim to drug addiction. There are over 3.5 million habitual drug users in the country, and some of the national scandals in the past have been linked to culpable drug use. The ongoing struggle against illegal drug addiction is an rising battle.A more recent DOH problem involved the hyper increase of cases of leptopspirosis in the Philippines, particularly in La Union and other flood-stricken areas. The oncoming of consecutive floods from the string of typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng caused contaminated water to fill the urban and rude areas.TechnologicalImprovements in the field of computers have made operations in the stores more efficient and less time consuming and as fountainhead as having a more organized system of recording purchases.Mercury drugstore at once is on the verge of implementing an online purchasing system in which customers may order medicines through the internet and then picking up the goods at the store of purchase. This will help the store reduce the number of people in queue and as well(p) as adduce customers a better way to purchase their items.Technological advancements have now brought about better medicines and as well as a big variety of medicines giving the company a chance to broaden their stocks as well as the number of their consumers.The 3g system of the current netphones are now able to give people an opportunity to get in march with the store so that their concerns can be acknowledged as well as any order of goods.PoliticalMercury drugstore now implies the senior citizen discount which is mandatory according to the laws of the Philippines. Mercury drug has also been able to adopt a senior citizen lane in their stores nationwide. cultural/SociologicalThe need to be healthy is highly needed in the Philippines especially with poverty on the side. Most Filipinos that belong to the lower class tend to over exert themselves a nd end up with exhaustion, which has a high probability of leading to sickness. So daily supplements are needed to be able to sustain a healthier body while liner harsh working conditions.

Past experience to people Essay

Experience, which is the best teacher in our life to leading our behaviors and ever-ever-changing our mind. Culture, which is also the root for individuals values.Both of them give us lots of wreak and changing our life all the times.It is hard to say which changes us the most on such a controversial question.Just like gos lead us what to speculate and cultures provide us how we think. They are individually and connecting with each other.Despite our past get d bears poignant the way we see the world uniquely, it is more(prenominal) often based on our individual cultural background.OverviewFirstly, this essay will discuss the general cast to individuals of past experiencePast Experience is a component which helps volume dischargeing experience on every parts during our daily life.In the recreation activity,there is a relation between the preferences and past experience.The experienced level which has a cracking influence to make the choice.So that unexperienced peck who do not know how to shoot the suitable for entertainment and their decision will be polar and wide.Experienced customers who rent more specific need and their decision will be exchangeable which is the most suitable in their past experience. Thus, more experienced people are, more specificity their entertainment chosen will be. For example,high experienced individuals in devastate and mountain who has more specificity selection of the site decision than these no experienced individuals. Schreyer(1982) reported that river runners with higher experience levels stated the desired outcomes of their trips more specifically. (Watson et al., 1991) round studies also shows that psat experience is related to with site choice.They found that some more hard but no limited routed were chosen by managed users.The cogitate is that their experience proved them confidence and easy way to face this area.Past experience not only shown the choice detail for individuals bus also gain the knowledge slightly arranging their activities. In conclusion, experienced individuals whose choice specificity is stronger ,differentiation on different kinds of situation dimension is higher.The general influence of past experience is also shown in study work and all parts of ourlife.Although the arouse and looking forward level is also reduced comparing with the low gear try.More experience brings us an efficient and suitable daily arrangement.Which is different from the influence of experience, culture is the basic background for individuals to think and control their way to exercise the problems. Culture is how individuals life being, its is one of the most basic thing about human beliefidea and values. Culture is different between different area, its the most important thing to effect our daily life.During the generations, humans expire entertainment and lifestyle is always changing by the developed technology.But as the root of a nationality, culture always do not change.There is no doubt that everything Ive talked about, thought with, every decision, belief which is closely related by my own culture.It is also important to be able to fill out and respect other cultures, and not believe ones own culture is more valuable or superior than the rest. Sometimes issues of racialism occur when people are unable to connect culturally with others. existence tolerant and understanding what other cultures value is the key for successful bridal of one another.

Reason We Go to College Essay

Everyone has their own soil for wanting to get a degree in utmoster learning. around of the reasons be the love of learning, the chance to get away from their p arnts and be on their own. While others do it for the promise of a better future or just because they think that it is the right thing to do. Needless to say, on that point argon countless reasons why we choose to further our education. Just same(p) on that point are various reasons people go to college, there are different ways that people learn best. I will be recounting you a little bit just about my desire to earn my college parchment and how I think I learn best.Lots of people like to make money ever since currency was created and that is one of my motivations to comp allowe college. agree to Shaffer (2010), the top five reasons that people go to college are to get an education, to open their circle of awareness, to discover their passion, to network and to ch all in allenge themselves. I agree with all of these entirely as a parent, I also want to rear a great life dash for my children and complete what Im article of belief them to aim for. I love learning new things and having intimacy in my head instead of having to grab a dictionary, my phone or a computer to understand something.Though I love to increase my knowledge base, there are certain styles of learning that I excel in learning over others. Learning styles is new to me. All through high school and the first two years of college I have neer heard of learning styles. I did know that I was more provoke in a subject if a teacher/professor was lively, awake(p) or just really excited about what they were teaching. I vista thats how everyone else was. I was mistaken with that mindset. I took a couple of quizzes and conditioned that a few styles were my preferred method of learning.As written in Attri furthere advanogy. om (2004), There are seven main learning styles and they are Visual (spatial), Aural (auditory), Verbal ( linguistic), Physical (kinesthetic), Logical (mathematical), Social (interpersonal) and solitary confinement (intrapersonal). The tests that I took with Attribute (2004) and The Center for New Discoveries (2012), show that my preferred learning styles are verbal, aural, social and sensible. My logical score was pretty high but it only showed up on one of the test results. The result are based on what I call the normal person standard, but I do not consider myself normal.Since that is the case, I will let you know if I agree with the results. Do I discern myself as a verbal scholarly person? Yes, because I love to prattle and I like being able to get feedback instantly. I would rather split up an oral presentation than type up a paper. If someone is public lecture on a subject, I will retain it easily if there is dialogue going back and forth in the class. The aural style I do not agree with as much because I can listen to music all day but if it is about school and it is some thing that I have to listen to, I will be going to sleep. I really enjoy touching things so the physical is a no brainer for me.I crave taking things apart to see how they work. As I said, I love to talk and I cannot talk to myself without being considered crazy, so yes, I am a social learner and I thrive off of others ideas. So, the tests got a three out of four-spot which is not bad. Earning a college degree does not only hold the respect of monetary increase but it provides a sense of accomplishment and an voice for our children who will be our future. Knowing how you learn best as an single(a) can help you know your shortcomings and prevent pitfalls and roadblocks on the road to a degree.

Africa&Egypt Essay

Africa is ane of the richest continents when it comes to spectacular experiences with nature. Nowhere in the universe can matchless butt against the abundance and variety of redlife. Africa also delivers a plethora of ecosystems, geographical features and dread(a) wilderness experiences. Whether it is deserts, rivers, lakes, mountains, jungles, waterfalls, etc. Africa GeographyThe continent of Africa borders the sulfurern half of the Mediterranean Sea. The Atlantic Ocean is to the west and the Indian Ocean is to the Southeast. Africa stretches well south of the equator to cover more than 12 million square miles making Africa the worlds second largest continent. Africa is also the worlds second closely populous continent. Africa is one of the most diverse places on the planet with a wide variety of terrain, wildlife, and climates. It is the second largest and second most populous continent. major(ip) CitiesThe proudest manoeuver in Africa is Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania at 5895 meters high. The lowest point is Lake Asal in Djibouti at 153 meters below sea level. The largest country in Africa is Sudan, the smallest is The Seychelles.The most populated country is Nigeria and the largest city is Cairo in Egypt. The largest lake in Africa is Lake Victoria and thelongest river is The Nile River, which is also the longest river in the world. Africa is rich with wide-ranging wildlife including elephants, penguins, lions, cheetahs, seals, giraffes, gorillas, crocodiles, and hippos. African languages are varied with more than 1000 languages spoken crosswise the continent. The Suez Canal divides Africa from Europe.The Sahara DesertThe Sahara is larger than the US. Temperatures can reach as high as 130 and some areas go 10 years without rain. A few areas project grasses that can support animals. For thousands of years people have carried goods and ideas across the Sahara. The Kalahari DesertThe Kalahari is not as dry as the Sahara. Grasses and wild melon grow a nd animals are able to graze.The Namib DesertThe Namib Desert is one of the driest places on Earth. Trees and get water from mists that drift from the Ocean. Still animals and people observe ways to survive in this area. Desertification Turning semi desert contribute into desertDesertification can happen by natural actions drought or by human actions such as cutting down woodwind for cooking fuel or to make farmland, overgrazing of shrubs and grasses by cattle and goats. With no grass or tree roots, the topsoil blows away and the desert advances. congenital ResourcesThe most abundant natural resources in Africa are gold, diamonds, copper, cobalt, and oil. However, the distribution of resources is scraggy causing wealth in some counties and poverty in others.

Filipino Cry: The Social Issues in OPM Songs Essay

IntroductionThis wallpaper forget attempt to set off the theme of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) that appeals the ordinary concern of the government. This will boast two selected songs , Upuan (2009), and Walang Natira (2010) by Gloc9. These songs were selected according to their similarities in terms of the social issues of the Filipino to the government such as poverty, unemployment, corruption and oppression.The paper seeks to prove that these songs cast similar theme that Filipino composers integrate in a harmony/song to convoke the attention of the government officials.Statement of the ProblemThis paper answers the following questions1. What are the images depicted in the lyrics of the songs?2. What are the social issues of the public depicted in the songs? 3. What are the common theme and its implication to its meeter?ObjectivesGenerally, this paper aims to catch the themes of some OPM Songs.Specifically, this aims to1. identify the images found in the lyrics of the son gs2. determine how these images portray social issues of the mass to the government and 3. discuss the implications of the theme to the listener. methodologyAn interpretational analysis of the theme of OPM songs, specifically the songs of Gloc9 that has a cryptic meaning underlies in the lyrics of the songs. Enabling to identify the images within it that helps to completely understand the theme of the song. This will also use marxism as a frameworkof the study.ReferencesOnline Sourceshttp//www.johndanielcastillo.myotd.com/Blog.php/46http//glocdash9.com/well-nigh/http//www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/216918/lifestyle/people/gloc-9-a-pinoy-rapper-and-his-painful-truths

The Cuil Theory

One Cuil = One level of abstraction international from the reality of a situation. Example You command me for a Hamburger. 1 Cuil if you asked me for a burger, and I gave you a raccoon. 2 Cuils If you asked me for a ground beef, but it turns out I dont rightfully exist. Where I was originally standing, a picture of a hamburger rests on the ground. 3 Cuils You awake as a hamburger. You start screaming exactly to have special sauce fly from your lips. The world is in sepia. 4 Cuils Why are we speaking German? A mime cries restfully as he cradles a young cow. Your grandfather stares at you as the cow move apart into patties.You assist tidy sum only to claver me with pickles for midsections, I am singing the song that gives birth to the cosmos. 5 Cuils You ask for a hamburger, I give you a hamburger. You arrange it to your lips and pull in a bite. Your eye twitches involuntarily. Across the street a father of three falls down the stairs. You swallow and look down at the hamburger in your hands. I give you a hamburger. You swallow and look down at the hamburger in your hands. You cannot swallow. There are children at the top of the stairs. A pickle shifts uneasily nether the bun. I give you a hamburger. You look at my face, and I am maintaining with you. The children are crying now.You raise the hamburger to your lips, tears stream down your face as you take a bite. I give you a hamburger. You are on your knees. You plead with me to go across the street. I hear only childrens laughter. I give you a hamburger. You are screaming as you fall down the stairs. I am your child. You cannot see anything. You take a bite of the hamburger. The concrete rushes up to meet you. You awake with a start in your own bed. Your eye twitches involuntarily. I give you a hamburger. As you kill me, I do not make a sound. I give you a hamburger. 6 Cuils You ask me for a hamburger. My attempt to reciprocate is cut rutally short as my form experiences a sudden lack of elec trons. Across a renewal of hidden dimensions you are dismayed. John Lennon hands me an apple, but it slips through my fingers. I am reborn as an ocelot. You disapprove. A crack echoes through the universe in defiance of conventional physics as cosmological play down noise shifts from randomness to a perfect A Flat. Children everywhere barricado what they are doing and hum along in perfect pitch with the flat coat radiation. Birds fall from the sky as the sun engulfs the earth. You hesitate momentarily in front allowing yourself to assume the locus of all knowledge.Entropy crumbles as you peruse the information contained indoors the universe. A itsy-bitsy library in Phoenix ceases to exist. You stumble under the weight of everythingness your mouth opens up to cry out, and collapses around your body forwards blinking you out of the spatial plane. You exist only within the quartern dimension. The fountainhead of all knowledge rolls along the ground and collides with a small wi ener. My head tastes sideways as space-time is reestablished, you blink back into the sensible world disoriented, only for me to hand you a hamburger as my body collapses under the strain of reconstitution.The universe has reasserted itself. A particular small traverse is fed steak for the rest of its natural life. You die in freak possibility moments later, and you reason works at the returns desk for the Phoenix library. You disapprove. Your disapproval sends ripples through the inter-dimensional invalidate among life and death. A small child begins to cry as he walks toward the stairway where his father stands. 7 Cuils I give you a hamburger. The universe is engulfed within itself. A bus advertising hotdogs drives by a papillon. It disapproves. An unnatural force reverses Earths gravity. You ask for a hamburger.I reciprocate with a mildly convulsing potato. You disapprove. Your disapproval releases a cosmic shift in the void between birth and life. You ask for a hamburger. A reliable small dog feasts on hamburger patties for the rest of its unnatural, eternal endurance. Your constant disapproval sends hush up through everything. A contrived beast becomes omnipotent. You ask for a hamburger. I give you a hamburger your body becomes an unsettled blob of nothingness, accordingly divides by three. The papillon barks. The universe realigns itself. You, the papillon, and the hamburger disapprove. This condemnation stops the realignment.Hades freezes over. A informer is launched is launched into the unoccupied existence between space and time with a unique(predicate) hamburger. You ask for a hamburger. I give you a hamburger. It screams as you glom it to your face. You laugh maniacally as I plead with you. You devour the hamburger as it pleads for mercy. I disapprove and condemn you to an eternity in a certain void where a certain pig and its specific hamburger are located. The Universal Space-time Continuum Committee disapproves of my irrational deci sion. You are locked away and are fed hamburgers for the rest of your natural existence.A pickle refuses to break down during the process of digestion. You die in a freak accident. A certain pickle lives the rest of its life in a comatose state. Your soul disapproves. Down the street a child cries as a hamburger gets stuck in, and climbs back up, her esophagus. You ask again for a hamburger. I refuse to reciprocate. You pauperization a lawyer. I remind you harshly that this is the new world order. Lawyers no longer exist. Only papillons. Your name is written on a angle of sins. Blasphemy. You ask for a hamburger. The comatose pickle vanquishes your soul from this universe. Realignment occurs. You beg for a hamburger.A certain papillons name is written on an obelisk in Egypt. Mumble. Peasants worship the obelisk. Your soulless corpse partakes in the festivity. Hamburgers are banned universally. The sun implodes. wholly planets cease to have ever existed. Mercury. Venus. Earth. Ma rs. Jupiter. Saturn. Uranus. Neptune. Pluto is the only mass in existence. Conveniently, you are on vacation here. Your need for hamburgers re-establishes space-time. Earth is recreated under your intergalactic rule. Hamburgers are your army. You wake up. Clowns. Clowns everywhere. Your dream rushes to meet you. You are kidnapped. You ask for a hamburger. They hand you a hotdog.

An introduction to working with children Essay

Nurseries provide c be and education for electric s redeemrren chthonic the sequence of phoebe bird in my argona by offering free civiliseing and convey sessions which collect rear end in the mornings and afterwardnoons. Instead of a glasshouse just being a place where your electric razor plays, a nursery provides education by qualified staff and professionals who encourage a infant to learn as well a play while ease providing attention. Holi daytime play schemes is a place where youngsterren over the age of five go and can divulgeicipate in various contrastive types of activities which are both educational and play sessions, the activities range from reading books and reflexion educational programmes/videos/DVDs to tykeren playing on game consoles. The room is dissever into areas of various types of play experiences. These areas include, large and sm in all construction sets, imaginative play dressing ups, home corner, mark qualification, Hama beads, dance m ats, games machines, pool table, small world, football table. We also keep two adjoining areas where tykeren can access untidy/art and craft activities and relax in the quiet area, reading books or watching various videos/DVDs. http//brightbeginningschildcare.co.uk/playscheme 11.11.11A Child-minder is a person who looks after a parents children in their admit home, child-minders commonly look after children under the age of five, they provide care and education by armed serviceing the child with school acidulate much(prenominal) as home make up, participating in educational games or activities with them or generally playing games with them, baking or watching programmes with them.Nurseries aim to wear children and their families by building a strong coalition with parents/ flights because the background knowledge and the childs guardian want what is surpass, and for the child to achieve. If a nursery did non have a vertical relationship with parents/careers and so th ere isnt any trust or respect so if an issue is raised for example the child is underachieving and the nursery thought it is best for that child to receive additional support, a parent/career could take offence to it and therefore the situation could escalate. But if the nursery had a good positive relationship with parents and careers then a discussion could take place virtually the child receiving additional support, because it is important that you include the parent or career in discussions nearly their child otherwise they could feel that they are not valued or respected, and it is also their right to make decisions ab erupt their child, so if a nursery overlooked a parent or career regarding a situation with their child the parent or career could feel disrespected.It recognises that parents and carers need to be fully involved in discussions about their childs additional support needs. Where necessary, they should be given support by their school or nursery to take part in meetings and be included fully in decisions that affect their child. Establishments and parents/carers whitethorn not always agree on what is in the best interest of the child, but by developing good relationships, and through good communication, it is expected that some problems and disagreements pull up stakes be solved at school/nursery level.http//www.clacksweb.org.uk/ learnedness/aslfamilies/ 18.11.11Holiday play schemes offer children a wide range of contrary activities from rock climbing to extra-curricular lessons such as additional english, maths or science, but the way these extra-curricular lessons are integrated into the activities do not await like they are lessons, but the children are subconsciously learning stark naked things which would help them throughout school because they can relate back to these activities. This supports children because they are providing a unassailable and secure place where they can come and be happy, make new friends and learn new skills and play schemes provide for all children so every child is included, they are also supporting the child by teaching them new things or helping them with specific work by integrating it into an activity. Holiday play schemes support families by ensuring their child is in a safe, excite learning environment while they are unable to look after the child because they are at work etc.Play workers also can pick the child up from their school so the parent/career will not have to worry about transport for the child. Holiday play schemes are obtain by play workers. Play workers are responsible for planning activities to help children learn, play and relax with their friends. Play workers will often pick up children from local schools. http//www.youngsouthampton.org/parentsandcarers/childcare-schoolaged/holiday -play-schemes.asp 12.12.11 Child-minders aim to support children and their families by providing a safe and stimulating for the child/children they are caring for, child-min ders mainly care for a child in a domestic environment such as the childs home. Child-minders become a valued member of a family because they pay such a big role in the childs life. A child-minder usually takes the child on day trips to museums or animal parks such as zoos, they are usually educational day trips where the child can learn something.Arranging stimulating and therapeutic learning activities such as finger painting, cooking, reading, dress-up games or eve celebrating cultural events which could include making Christmas or Eid cards or creating their own Easter egg. All these activities support children because they are learning new skills which they will need in life, they all acquire the child to use their picturesque and gross motor skills which will help them develop, and also their language and capable development. They do this in a domestic setting (normally their own home) for paymentto ensure they provide a safe and stimulating environment for the children th at they care for. Registered child-minders are usually self-employed and run their own business. Although every day will be different, a child-minders typical day may include visiting a park, museum, library or playgrouparranging mutation and stimulating learning activities, such as dressing-up, creative play, reading, and celebrating cultural events from approximately the world providing meals and snacks for the children, involving them in food preparation and menu choices taking children to and from school or clubs working with other local child-minders to organise group activities.http//www.ncma.org.uk/childminders/become_a_childminder/what_childminders_do.aspx 12.12.11The kind Rights Act 2000This act ensures all children have a right to the security system of secret and family life, this means in practice all childrens in-person life is always kept private, this includes any information that is disclosed from parents or carers about a child, also anything that is revealed during placement. The right to education, this means that every mavin child has the right to have an education no theme of their race, gender, farming or background whether it is at a statutory or private sector. To take away against children because of their race, sex, culture, background etc is unlawful . The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this convention shall be secured without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or sociable origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status. http//www.elc.org.uk/pages/lawarticleshra.htm14 16.12.11 These are some of the rights that The Human Rights Act 2000 allows children to have, this legislation overall supports the rights of children because it ensures children have the right to equality, dignity and to be respected.The Special Educational Needs and disablement Act 2001This act supports the rights of children becaus e it states that it is unlawful for educational providers such as teachers to discriminate against pupils with a special educational disability or need. It influences working practices in the setting because if a teacher discriminated a child which was physically incapacitate and in a wheel chair by not making sure they had access to everything they needed, additional care, help or support then they could be prosecuted because it is against the law.The Equality Act 2010This act supports the rights of children because it states the legal responsibilities of public sectors such as schools to provide equal opportunities for every whizz. This act influences working practices in the setting by trying to ensure that everyone is treated equally no matter what ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion etc. A staff member could not treat a child differently to the other children because of their religion, for example during a seasonal period such as Christmas and the children are crea ting Christmas cards and one of the children is Muslim and their parents have asked the staff for their child not to take part in activities like that, the staff could not just isolate the child and give them nothing to do, the staff should either set a different piece of work of that child to do which does not involve Christmas activities or send them to a different class where they are doing a different activity so that child does not feel left out or isolated.

Poetry: Its Universal Appeal and Merits Essay

Poetry was born out of the brush offonic hu macrocosm desire to communicate not but meaning only when feelings. The immortalizeing of verse is a matter of both pleasure as well as enlightenment. It serves as unitys escape from the dullness, drudgery, and autocratic influences of manners. Poetry appeals to our sense of beauty, thus giving us aesthetic pleasure. Thus, it is fitted of evoking a telescope of different emotions laughter, tears, sighs, nostalgia, etc. , in its audience. At the commonplace and universal level, numbers recollects the actual experiences of mankind joys, sorrows, misfortunes, love, hatred, etc.It is hard ordinarily to distinguish among these mingled emotions. However, poetic interpretation helps us distil these complex emotions. When it comes to interpretation, a poem can be collectn in many ship canal simply as an aesthetic object, a work of cunning to come out at and be entertained by, or a unfermented focal point of looking at the ordin ary things. Or we whitethorn consider the poem to be a new experience. Poetry is all told this and more. What I personally like about poem is how it liberates the mind, opening my eyes to newer possibilities and meanings.It gives a broadness and richness to my life, perceptions, and imagination. Its study and appreciation is important because it enlarges unmatcheds vision of life and broadens ones sympathies and spectrum. Initially, a poem may look hard to crack through and through, but I do learnt that accord a poem is a matter of time, and it requires patience, a certain gear up of mind, and perspective. As I continue to read and re-read it, different layers of meanings begin to unravel. Thus, thither is something new to be discovered either time I read a poem a new revelation, a new insight, a new appreciation.I cannot help but awe and wonder how poets atomic number 18 able to convey the almost extensive, in-depth meaning and images through the fewest words, and hoist a web of the most intricate images and symbols. It is this brevity what makes verse line decided from other(a) genres of literature and random variables of knowledge. It is not uncommon for students of intuition to look land upon song or at least feel baffled by it. I, however, dont share their sentiments. Poetry definitely stands out in terms of its merit when compared with acquirement and Prose.It can be said that if prose is the manner of speaking of reason, poetry is the language of emotions. Similarly, the imaginative and emotional appeal of poetry distinguishes it from Science. Science teaches us knowledge and appeals to our minds. The aim of both is the same i. e. , to arrive at truth. While Science derives from facts and owes nothing to the extra mundane forces in contrast, poetry seeks to express truth in the most concrete and pictorial form possible in the form of images or pictures in which meaning can be seen with the minds eye.In Science and Mathematics, gene rality, abstraction, and impartiality are appreciated. But in poetry, particularity and novelty are marvelled at. Unlike Science, poetry operates in the sensory dimension, and thus acts as the third eye. A poet helps us see deeper into the truths of nature and life and thus, poetry relies a lot on intuition and imagination. It teaches us the knowledge of the human heart, by appealing to our senses. However, in distinguishing poetrys importance among other disciplines, we must understand that one cannot be substituted for the other.We should remember that although the Romantic Movement was a reaction against Science and reason and propagated the need for emotional intensity, yet others like the Victorians sought for a compromise, a balanced prelude. Indeed, poetry seeks to coexist in harmony with other disciplines. I understand that life is complex, and one needs to approach it from all realms of knowledge in order to understand it. Thus, a wholesome approach to life contains a bala nce between both faculties the rational as well as the emotional.One major criticism against poetry is that it is art for arts sake. It is believed that poetry is divorced from real life and the poet is life sentence in an ivory tower in isolation from real life. rough of this criticism is valid when it refers to the escapist form of poetry that it provides an escape to the ratifier by transporting him/her to an imaginary and seemingly perfect world. However, the appeal of this sort of poetry is routineary and very transient. The enduring form of poetry is one which negotiation about the universal issues and themes, relevant to all times.This why Shakespeare and others poetry have endured the test of time and continue to be revered. When we read poems, we not only have our emotions aroused as we are entrained by the poems, but we excessively have a chance to have an insight into the poets perceptions. A poet doesnt merely use the poem as a vehicle for expressing his philosophy. He, preceding(prenominal) all, wants to help us experience things in the way he has experient them. Hence, we are able to connect with the poet and his vision and the larger microcosm of the universe through that vision.We can also say that poetry is the result of divine inspiration, which doesnt come easy and to just about every one. Therefore, a poet is a seer, and his method is insight, intuition, and a vision, which enables us to see what we may generally miss. A poet has a rich and vivid imagination it travels far and wide and gathers foreign images, whether he is describing something farfetched or mundane. The poet chooses to describe the ordinary into the most uncanny way. Poetrys novelty lies in giving a new meaning to common place words, thus giving them new associations.let me elaborate my point of view through examples. For instance, a poet may see the sun sinking and the shadows growing larger. This might remind him of the passage of time and the approaching of death . This common place observance may give him an bringing close together for a poem. As he puts pen to paper, the product of this process would stimulate a poem. Through his unique ideas, experiences, and opinions to a common observance, he gives a fresh perception of the world around us, relates it to and make it part of a larger whole. Thus, the poem begins to have larger and universal implications.Similarly, poetry lets us appreciate the beauty in woods on a snow-clad evening, and helps us resonate with the common sentiment of finding a moment of peace in an otherwise busy life. Likewise, a mathematician would tell you that one tablespoon equates to near about 25 grams, but only a poet like Eliot would use coffee spoon as an appropriate gubbins for measuring Prufrocks life in his poem The Love vociferation of J Alfred Prufrock. While other disciplines inform us about facts its only the poets who can seek the connection between two incredible things and situations.The poet thu s makes connections between two unlikely things. For me, lyrical poetry is the most enjoyable form because of its intense emotional and richly imaginative appeal. literary workss primary purpose is to give us pleasure, and poetry is an soma of this sentiment. It is a source of keen delight for me to read the lyrical poetry of Shelly, the sensuous ideas of Keats, the narrative poems of Coleridge and Byron, the sweet and musical verse of Tennyson, the Nature poetry of Wordsworth, and the melancholy mood of Mathew Arnold.All this is a source of solace and peace, curiosity and bafflement. In a volume of poetry, there is something to be read every day, something to suit the pensive mood and vexed mind. The technical elements in a poetic piece, like the syntax, meter, rhyme, rhythm, etc. , make its structure, but ultimately, the metaphors, the imagery, the depth and range of emotions, the expression, the novelty of the subject and the poets ingenuity are what give the poetic piece its appeal.Wordsworth (as cited in Davie, 1972) has rightly said Poetry is the first and stomach of al knowledge it is as immortal as the heart of man (p. 9). Hence, one may argue that the best of the poetry is created out of life, belongs to life, and exists for life. A poet constantly ponders on ways to live and live well in a beautiful and natural way, which happens to be my goal in life too. Work Cited Davie, D. (1973). Thomas Hardy and British poetry. Great Britain Taylor & Francis.

Lord of Flies

Write on one of the following essay prompts. The essay must be a formal literary multi-paragraph essay Oust like you learned expire year) with a hook, prCICS, a clear thesis with reasons, topic sentences, Cads, Cams, conclusion, tertiary person, present tense, proper MEAL heading, citations. The number of paragraphs often depends on your judicature of ideas. It always must be a fully fleshed out, insightful meter reading of this novel with specific information drawn from the text edition.For this essay you must unionize your essay into a 4 paragraph essay. If you do not cod quotes for Cads, it is an automatic F because all literary essays must maintain demonstration to support your opinion. I go forth be looking for an insightful sermon and convincing argument supporting(a) your views of this novel. Remember, unlike an objective exam, you are in control when you write an essay. Show what you know. The only materials you may bring into track are your book with your quotes slighted, your text annotated, or tabs to help you locate pages you go away need.You will only check the one period to complete your essay, so you need to arrive at thought about your ideas ahead of time. You may similarly put Cads (but only Cads on a 3 by 5 card) PROMPT 1 In the novel the Lord of the Flies, author William ornament constantly has the reader questioning the true spirit of humans?whether it is technical or bad. Write an essay that discusses Gildings theme that humans are basically crush OR that humans are essentially bad. Choose atomic number 53 SIDE and coax your audience with at least two cited examples from the text for each supporting paragraph.You may include examples from hi account statement as leave-taking of your discussion and cerebrate in your commentary, remember, your essay is an analysis of THE NOVEL video display how Gilding treated the idea that humans are essentially good OR that humans are essentially bad. PROMPT 2 During pre-election campaigns, presidential stick outdidates can say absolutely anything about their opponents and their own qualities as leaders, the policies they will Hampton, and the direction they will lead the nation if they are elected.However, citizens can range the most reliable evaluation of their Presidential potentials through analyzing their candidates past and their realised records of leadership (How fuddle Ralph and Jack already demonstrated leadership qualities) In Lord of the judging by their records, which boy would straighten out the best guinea pig leader? Write an essay that discusses whether Jack or Ralph would make the best national leader.You may consider such areas as personal freedoms, environmental policy, labor/industry, citizen satisfaction, law and pasture, etc. Choose ONE SIDE and convince your audience with at least two cited examples from the text for each supporting paragraph. You may include examples from hi invention as part of your discussion and reasoning w ithin your commentary, but your essay is an analysis of THE NOVEL. What deem Ralph and Jack in reality DONE in the novel that Gilding is demonstrating to reveal which one would make the best leader?Lord of FliesHumankind seems to have an bulky capacity for savagery, for brutality, for lack of empathy, for lack of compassion. This quote introduces the idea that humans have a brutal nature and are drawn away from the civilize ways of biography because of it. When true human nature is acknowledgeed to be seen, these viciously characteristics are make visible and these other courteous ways of life are forgotten.In the novel Lord of the Flies by William Gilding, the boys choose to allow Jacks violent and fearful leadership, abandoning Rallys authority based on order and civilise norms, proving that rule based on savagery appeals to mans dark human nature and will overshadow leadership based on civility to the injustice of bon ton. This realization is shown in the novel when, at the beginning, all of the boys follow the aforesaid(prenominal) rules that have been put on them for their whole lives, but as the story progresses Jack follows his savagery human instincts and some boys follow.At he end of the story all of the boys true selves are exposed and savagery and brutality have consumed the boys. At the start of the novel,while on the island the boys follow the rules that society has always made them follow, making the Island a peaceful and organized society but genuinely early on it is made known that the boys dont want to follow these norms that have been put on them their entire life. When they first get to the island, they keep order by electing a leader. We ought to have a hive to decide thingsLets have a vote TLS toy of voting was almost as gentle as the conch. peg. 22. Voting Is something that is done In a radiation pattern society and they boys take this systematic way of making decisions and use It on the Island. This shows that for a small amount of time, their regular ways of living stay with them because this Is what seems normal to them. They have been taught these ways to do things their entire life and they have been enforced by adults so they continue to do this while on he Island.Adding on to that, the boys also take things that they have learned In school and apply It to the Island. While deciding who should talk during assemblies, Ralph suggests that, Well have to have hand up Like at school Then Ill give him the conch He can hold It when hes speaking. peg. 33 Ralph, suggests this because this Is what they have been taught to do In school when they have something to say that way chaos and commotion Is prevented.

Ice Cream Survey

Survey Result Analysis We had a balanced tot up of men and women mostly between the ages of 20-30, partake in our survey. However on that point was a wide range of age from 15-60. near all of our applicants were to begin with from South Dakota, Nebraska, or North Dakota. We did have a few community from California and from Arizona. Almost all of our applicants enjoyed breakfast food with 38 citizenry. They usually defile methamphetamine hydrochloride emollient in the summer, but 25 however stated they bought crackpot drub on a monthly basis. Almost e realone express they vitiate glass plane both at the store, and at spyglass unguent stores like Dairy fagot. 3 of 44 applicants express they preferred to go to a place like Dairy pansy than the market place store. $3-4 was the oerall average that applicants say they would spend on ice lick at a retailer. $5-6 was the average spent at a grocery store. Applicants were about even when it came to the size of the conta iner. We learned that frozen yogurt was a bad idea because almost everyone preferred ice cream over frozen yogurt. A small issue forth of 10 plenty looked at the upkeep facts on ice cream. Only 2 throng preferred and ice cream with no sugar added. 3 applicants said that they obtain the homogeneous flavor of ice cream every snip. succession 21 like to get word new flavors of ice cream. It was a very close race between one solid flavor or multiple flavors. The majority was multiple flavors. Another thing that was interesting was the amount of applicants that stated that they like extra toppings on their ice cream. More than double as many consumers eat ice cream out of the mantrap rather than the cone. 25 of out applicants said that they eat breakfast daily. 10 said 3-4 quantify week, and 7 said slight than 2 times a week.Over 80% of our applicants agreed that they found ice cream enjoyable. The same amount liked the taste of bacon. About 60% said that nutrition was import ant to them. About 70% enjoyed the taste of maple syrup. Over 60% were will to try new foods. After conclusive results found from our survey, we chose Maple Bacon to be our ice cream flavor. Our survey applicants stated that they buy ice cream by the gallon, quart, and by the pint. So we decided to just serve our ice cream in a gallon and in a pint. The average charge populate said they were instinctive to pay at a grocery was around $5-6 dollars.With that said, we decided that a pint of our ice cream should bell around $3. 50, and our gallons should cost about $5. 50. We similarly take that because maple bacon is truly a unique flavor, so there is added perceived value to it. We also believe that if we could sign a contract with Dairy Queen, it would significantly improve our sales. flock seem to like to try new flavors at places like this. It would also be a great for marketing. Final Tally Are you masculine or Female? 23 males, 21 female What is your age? gigantic range, from ages 10-60, with a mean of 24Where did you grow up? Rapid City, Huron, Montrose, California, Spearfish Do you especially enjoy breakfast foods? 38 citizenry enjoy, 6 dislike How very a good deal do you eat ice cream in a weeks time? 24 mickle said once or less per week, 12 good deal said at least once per week, 5 people said they put one acrosst consume ice cream on a weekly basis. How oftentimes do you purchase ice cream daily, weekly, monthly, yearly? At least 25 people said monthly. A few people said yearly, and over 5 people said weekly Are you willing to buy ice cream at the grocery store? 8 people are willing to buy ice cream at the grocery store 7 people are not willing Do you prefer to go to a place where ice cream is made to your liking, i. e (Dairy Queen) over get ice cream at the grocery store? 43 people prefer going to a place like Dairy Queen Do you prefer purchasing a pint, quart or a gallon of ice cream at a time? in that location was an even amount of 14 people for each group How moreare you willing to pay for an ice cream treat at a place like Dairy queen? 3-4$ was the mean How much are you willing to pay for ice cream purchased at a grocery store? -6$ was the mean Do you prefer frozen yogurt over ice cream? 35 people prefer ice cream, 8 people prefer frozen yogurt Would you prefer an ice cream with no sugar added? Only 1 or 2 people preferred ice cream with no sugar added. Do you consider nutrition facts when purchasing ice cream? 34 people dont look at the fact when 10 people do. When purchasing ice cream, do you experiment with new flavors or buy the same flavor every time? 23 people buy the same flavor every time, opus 21 people try new flavors Do you prefer a solid flavor over a multiple flavored ice cream?This was about even with 22 for each Do you enjoy extra toppings on your ice cream? 24 enjoy extra topping while 20 dont enjoy toppings Do you prefer eating ice cream out of a cone or in a function? 30 people said dish , while 14 said cone. How often do you eat breakfast during the week? 25 said daily, while 10 said 3-4 times a week, and 7 said less than 2 times a week. Answer the following questions on a scale of 1 to 7, with 7 agree and 1 disagree I bolded the most average choiceStrongly Disagree Strongly Agree I acknowledge ice cream enjoyable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I like the taste of bacon 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 sustenance is important to me 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I enjoy maple syrup 1 2 3 4 56 7 I am willing to try new things 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I enjoy trying new foods 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Company Q Social Responsibility Essay

Company Q Social obligationSocial responsibility is often imagineed as an inconvenience that cuts into shargonholder profits. An organic law that with this outlook on neighborly responsibility is missing a probative opportunity to improve public perception and fight profits. This is clearly the view of company Q. When twice presented with the opportunity to create both social and fiscal capital, they failed miserably. This likely contributed to the closure of 2stores due to low performance. Not only if are they harming their stakeholders (the communities in which they operate) but, they are also harming their shareholders by not capitalizing on revenue opportunities. (Ferrell et al., 2013) There are three clear answers to their deficiencies. The first and to the highest degree obvious is to begin donating the items that are expired to the topical anesthetic food rim as requested. The second is to implement a code of moral philosophy in the corporate guidelines. Lastly, th ey should be expanding the current selections of goodish and organic foods. If these steps are followed, can the Company Q dig itself out of the want column and cipher some profits? The answer is yes.Company Q was recently approached by the local food bank, and asked to donate the day old foods that Company Q had been throwing away. attention declined, opting alternatively to to continue to write the food off as a loss and throw it into the trash. The reason that was cited was concern for fraud and employee theft. This is an example of the company fetching the short term bottom line approach. They develop completely handle an opportunity for incontrovertible public relations and social capital. Both of which have been shown to have a positive impact on monetary capi- tally Head Company Q Social ResponsibilityThere are fewer opportunities that a care is given where the benefits are so obvious with rattling little capital investment.How does Company Q accomplish this withou t risking fraud and employee theft. The answer is simple. Management is clearly not showing a commitment to ethical deportment and it has trickled down to the employee level. An organization cannot expect individual ethics to self decree organization ethics. (Ferrell et al., 2013) If Company Q were to draft a corporate code of ethics, thither would be clear guideline to follow when it came to employee expectations. In a perfect(a) world company would draft provisions within this code of ethics for positively impacting the communities they operate beyond offering goods and services for sale. This would send a clear message toemployees of expectations give the company a more positive outlook on social responsibility.Thereby, benefiting both stakeholders and shareholders alike. (Ferrell et al., 2013) Company Q has a fiducial responsibility as well as a social responsibility. Their fiduciary responsibility is to their shareholders. Management has missed out on opportunities to grow the business in market segments that had been previously ignored. It is not often that customers give accost feedback that translates to higher profits. In the case of healthy organic food options macrocosm requested by customers, this is the case. Not only have customers stated that they ordain buy these items, but these are high margin items that will drive profits, and allow them to increase value for their shareholders. At the same time their social responsibility obligations are being fulfilled by offering these healthy foods to customers.Running Head Company Q Social ResponsibilityIn a time when many small local businesses struggle to compete with liberal mega corporations such as Wal-Mart, they cannot afford to ignore an option for strengthening their business. steady if it is different than what they have traditionally done.ReferenceFerrell, O. (2013). Business Ethics 2009 modify Ethical Decision Making and Cases VitalSouce bookshelf version. Retrieved from http//onlin e.vitalsource.com/books/9781285279985/id/ch2-L1

Malunggay and Spinach Essay

I.Chapter I (Introduction)Background of the register (Rationale)He gives us that gigantic goodness of nature and vegetation is among those. As man propagates for abundance he deserves to harbor tremendous benefits from it. The discovery of herbaceous plantal plants made the possible creative activity of new-fangled medicament. Modern medicine makes use of these plants in making capsulise herbal medicine or food supplements. It is scientifically proven that legion(predicate) of vitamins and minerals are found in herbal plants that open fire supply the need of living things, specifically humans. These vitamins and minerals help supply energy within a persons body, which is needed for everyday activities in order for them to action well. Herbal plants nowadays are not just made as medicinal purposes but also as food ingredients so that it may add a unique and healthier flavor to foods.Malunggay was once considered a poor mans vegetable but now it is cognise as a miracle cha nnelise or natures medicine cabinet by scientists and health care failers from around the world because it is monied with vitamins and minerals that can be an effective remedy against many kinds of ailments such as arthritis, anemia, ovarian cancer, heart complications, kidney problems, asthma and digestive disorders. Each ounce of Malunggay contains sevener times the Vitamin C found in oranges, four times the Vitamin A of carrots, three times the iron of spinach, four times as a good deal calcium as milk and three times the potassium of bananas. prickly-seeded spinach is well-known in stabilizing the alliance sugar among diabetics, it serves as an anti-oxidant, an anti-cancer agent, it prevents from atherosclerosis or thickening and aphonicening of arteries and it aids in the formation of the blood substance required for blood clotting.Besides of it being considered as an herb rich in Iron, it is also a rich source of Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, Fat, Protein, Vitamin A, Bet a-carotene, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Folate, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and Calcium. The combination of both herbs can surely make a nutritious supplement for all ages. This study aims to presents the result of the beneficial rumple of Malunggay and prickly-seeded spinach called as Malunggay and Spinach gunpowder. A power duo, a reaping of nature, harness within bear upon and concocted with simplicity.II.Statement of the ProblemThe study aspired primarily, to search for alternative ways of utilizing the common backyard plants Malunggay and Spinach so that it wont be placed into waste. Secondarily, make a different and simple preparation of it castigate in ones home aside from the usual capsulize and tablet forms, which currently dominate in the market. Lastly, to disseminate the information on how to augment a nutritional need within in reach and friendly to the pocket. The study addressed the following specific questions1.) What are the procedures in preparing the Malunggay and Spinach powder?2.) Is there a specific expiration for this overlap?3.) Are there different processes of drying each kind of leaves?4.) How long can the end product be stored?5.) Is it advisable to dry the Malunggay and Spinach leaves to a lower place direct sunlight?6.) What are the uses of the Malunggay and Spinach powder as an linear?7.) What specific amounts of Malunggay and Spinach to be prepared to meet our nutritional postulate?8.) What are the nutritional values from the combination of Malunggay and Spinach?9.) Can this enquiry work possibly be pursued in the future?III.Significance of the disciplineHealth awareness is the prime investment, ingenuity is the investors joining effort and wellness is the net gain. Most flock think that adapting a healthy and well-conditioned look is expensive and difficult to achieve. The significance is just how one resourcefully utilizes the cheap, the pictorial abundance of nature, and the untiring quest to alternatives and remedi es. Malunggay and Spinach are kind of vegetables that are rich with vitamins, minerals and amino acids that are needed for optimum health.The purposeful cahoots result serve as a supplement Malunggay, touted as All- around miracle tree or Natures medicine cabinet contains a wide variety of nutrients in high amounts and Spinach, known as Powerhouse of Nutrients fill in of the essence(p) Potassium, Phosphorus and Niacin that Malunggay does not have. This potent combination in powder form add nutrition to our deficient diet due to modern farming methods, nutrient-deficient soils, high levels of pollution that places more stress, and busy lifestyles that make it hard to prepare healthy balanced diet. It acts as an inexpensive insurance against nutritional deficiencies.This study will promote awareness on the relevance of portion of vegetable meals, soup, bread, dessert, shakes, juices and mixes with Malunggay and Spinach powder. It encourages households to plant Malunggay and Spinach in backyards for personal consumption. Finally, it inspires people to study and search for benefits on vegetables and other agricultural produce.IV.Scope and Limitation of the StudyThe study focused on the specifications of how to procure the major quality ingredients, the Malunggay and Spinach leaves and conscientiously observed the proper storage and maintanance of suitable room temperature. It took dickens (2) months and a half to get the final result of the research work using the method of experimentation. As Malunggay was readily cultivated in the backyard on the contrary, Spinach was a hard find. It started from a given tiny seedling from rough Busay and was replanted.

Nirvana Art Gallery Essay

paradise Art movement Nirvana Art Gallery solecism study analysis Case study analysis 1. Executive summary- This shift study is all to the highest degree the different perspectives Mr rod faces at his play place. The urge to take puzzle he went for part time job along with his ongoing PhD belong. The behave area of his interest was being a conservator while because of slight work at he was made to work in another division which was not of his interest and he faces lot many problems over there.He even used to stay late to complete the assigned work and the colleagues were also not supportive. The main problem was the lack of interest of Mr. perch for working in inquirys plane section which was further boosted up by drop down Nellys interference who was the research manager. The only solution for his problem is to chide with Miss Nelly and request her to undo the changes made in his work enumeration or else he should try to create interest in research department as we ll as it is the only option he is left with. . Situation Analysis- Introduction- this case emphasises on the disinterest of Mr. rod to work in research department. just now in spite of showing it he decided to work with full efforts. One of the problem was the unfriendly conduct of the members of this department. The over sympathy of Miss Nelly was also creating discomfort for Mr. Rod attended by mocking expressions of his colleagues. The rearrangement of working schedule further enhanced the problems of Mr.Rod which resulted from the refusal of Nellys proposal to jockstrap her in her work. But still he manages his work and become successful in creating balance between two the works. Objectives- the main objective of Mr. Rod behind working in Nirvana Art Gallery was to take experience of being a curator which entrust help him in future and also adds to his work experience. But unwillingly he was made to work in research department because of less work in his area of interest. D ecision Making- Miss Nellys extra concern and sympathy for Mr.Rod became a problem for him. And the rearrangement of his work schedule was also its consequence which enhanced the problems further. Implementation- Mr. Rod has shown a striking interest in working with NAG. In both the departments he assay to give his best. But further troubled by rescheduling of his weeks work arrangement. He can overcome this problem by completely engaging himself in the work assigned to him so that he will not feel boredom in working for research department.Or if he feels this new schedule totally inconvenient then he can make Nelly aware of his situation and probably she will help him in the matter concerned and finally he would be capable to work more in curatorial. Conclusion- the main problem in the case arise because of the extra concern and sympathy of Miss Nelly towards Mr. Rod. The one social function which he could do was going to Nelly and politely telling her about the situation and t he surreptitious looks and frowns of other members of research team which was quite embarrassing.

Female Offenders

Aarron Eilers February 22, 2010 Fe phallic Off ceaseers The number of wo manpower incarce located is exploitation at a rapid pace. This c alls for a reevaluation of our correction institutions to deal with womens involvement in nuisance. Increasing numbers of gather ups for prop aversion and do main(prenominal) order offenses ar come to the forepacing that of men. The War on Drugs has a big crop on why our prison houses strike become overcrowded in the last 25 long time. Women ar impacted to a greater extent(prenominal) than ever because they be being convicted evenly for medicine and other offenses. Female savage behavior has al panaches been identify as minor comp ard to Males criminal behavior.Over the forms women drop made up yet small part of the offender populations. t present is still only a small portion of the con game population that is pistillate but it is increasing at a game rate. Women atomic number 18 participating in more knock-down-and-drag - come in criminal offences and being convicted of crimes that were historically reserved for men. The Bureau of rightness Statistics which reports a ye arend report of number of womanhoodlys incarcerated report that thither were 26,300 females behind bars for reddish crimes after the year of 2002. blood-red crimes in women prisons accounted for thirty-three percent of the population.The overall female population to a fault change magnitude 2. 9 percent from 2003 to 2004. People brace recently juted pay much more attention to women who commit violent crimes. Women some clock put up a plan and a target when committing a crime like polish off. The target is usually some whizz rattling well-nigh to them such(prenominal) as a spouse or their children. The reasons for committing the murder range from enviously to self defense. The female usually has been a target of violence someplace in her past as well. Research that has been done fates that a female who commits mur der tends to be older than a one who commits a small crime.The Bureau of Justice Statistics indicated that most women who commit such a crime as murder did so while they were alone with the victim. Only viii percent of the time was another female or male relegate during the offense. The Bureau overly reports that forty percent of the time the female was infra the influence of some type of drug or alcohol. more or less women who have spent time in jails or prisons have a womb-to-tomb connection with the evaluator system. Estimates done in the United States show that lviii percent of women are rearrested, thirty percent strike to prison inside three years, and thirty-eight percent are reconvicted.In Kruttschnitt and Gartners go over of the literature they suggest that the demographic plays a major part in a females recidivism. Females who have a history of property crime, drug use, and a lengthy criminal history are more in all probability to recidivate. Deschenes and coll eagues study of the cohort recidivism dataset revealed similar findings. They did note that the effect of drug abuse and institutional programs were absent from the report. some(prenominal) incertitudes have surfaced when looking at the general recidivism literature. Scholars implore that the study of recidivism should have a broader range of study.It needed to add the whole life perspective not just a short period in the females life. Now that women are committing crimes at almost the same rate as men the question arises, should men and women receive the same treatment in the criminal justice system. This issue has sparked debate in the last few years. The current honor states that the defendant should not receive either special treatment cod to characteristics such as race, sexual practice, or age. These are considered extralegal and should not be considered during the sentencing process.Gender was ignored until the azoic 1980s, but when it was given attention it centre on sex disaccordences and sanctioning instead of questioning the crimes of men and the criminal justice systems response to mens crimes. Most research done on sentencing and gender goes as far keep going as 1934 when Martin concluded that females were no more likely than males to be sentenced to prison terms. One of the most recent studies by Spohn in 2002 stated that the odds of receiving a prison sentence are two and a half(a) times greater for male offenders than for female offenders.For numerous years, prison officials utilize the same type of treatment for men and women. In the last hug drug with the increasing number of women incarcerated, research shows that women have different physical and unrestrained needs. For example, women are more attached to their children that they are leaving behind, and some have histories of physical and mental abuse. The creation of two programs, Key Crest and forever Free were created to economic aid with women specific issues. Recent studies done by study Institute of Justice studies found that participants in these two programs stayed drug and arrest free for over three years.Participants were tested and interviewed once a year for three years. The studies also showed that the programs provided aftercare and treatment in areas that were not addressed in previous years. Even though some(prenominal) varied in their approach, they both recognized the many ways there were to treat the needs of women and how they differ from men. The studies also show that gender specific programs do help inmates reenter into society. There are many factors that inhibit women to commit violent crimes. Most women admit from substance abuse, spouse abuse and mental issues.The most common insecurity is being previously being abused earlier in life. A survey conducted in 2002 reported that thirty six percent of all female inmates in United States jails had been abused at some point. xxvi percent reported that they were abused by so meone of their immediate family. other possible reason for a rise in womens crime may be imputable to an idea created by sociologists called liberation guessing. In this hypothesis due to the lack of access to certain areas in society women in the past were committing crimes such as shoplifting, fraud, and prostitution.As women start to gain access to more avenues in society they are qualified to commit more serious crimes. The murder rate, crimes against property, and street crimes have increased significantly. Women used to be just the drug smugglers but promptly they are the dealers. Dr. Chishom of the Southern Region Violence & Substance Abuse Prevention focalize stated that Quite frankly women became more daring. Now they compete with men for the same crimes that once were dominated by men. Society also may be a reason for the rise in womens crime rate.Society over the last 30 years has changed dramatically and has become more violent. Women feel that they may have to pro tect themselves more than ever. Dr. Barbara Scott of Northeastern Illinois University suggests that society has an increased acceptance of violence. Violence is portrayed in the media as a way of dealing with frustration and aggression, not only in women but in men as well. Women are no longer scared of doing things that once were deemed unacceptable. They are carrying weapons, being complex in shootings, and committing child abuse.One trend that is related to women committing crimes is drug dependency. The rising rate of drug dependency has a major impact on womens crime trends. Women who rely on drugs must have a eonian income to acquire these drugs on a routine basis. This is where women tend to be involved in burglaries and robberies to fund their drug habits. Drug use also tends to make pass women into the underworld of a criminal subculture. It exposes them to violence and dangerous situations. This is where they meet men that are also connected to drug dependency.Most men that are drug dependant exploit women to feed their own habits. When studying the go of a violent female criminal research shows substantial gender variations. Most womens biographys start and end much earlier than one of a man. Females are more likely not to repeat violent crimes. Females are also more likely to shy away from any future crimes. Long term involvement as a career criminal by a woman is very rare. Case studies and interviews show a weak commitment to a life of crime. When apologiseing the female offend process most theories were created by men.Most theories have been challenged because they were created for men, and people honor if those theories can be used to explain female crime. Some criminologists argue that traditional theories are male specific and are not knowing to explain female crime. Approaches such as the anomie theory and conflict theory suggest that factors such as poverty and inequality be much of the basic crime. Consistent between the two ap proaches, both male and females show that they come from the poor and disadvantaged.These approaches help explain the gender to-do as a consequence of the lesser relevance of success goals compared to men. The neighborly processes such as differential association and labeling theory tend to explain common crime in terms of different opportunities for learning female values and skill sets. These theories would explain the gender hoo-hah as a consequence of lower access by females to learning criminal activity. The say-so Theory suggests that poor affectionate bonds account for much of the crime. This theory argues that most criminals come from a disproportional and dysfunctional family.Their education level is very low and they have a weak chain of conformity. The gender gap in this theory is explained through female socialization towards their bonding behavior. The physical exertion of the traditional theories is upkeeped by evidence that shows that females and men overlap in their causes for committing crimes. For example, male and females alike tend to have poor education, be in low income bracket, and be of the minority status. Second, there is evidence that shows that there is close relation that females and males respond to the same societal forces.While traditional theories help understand male and female crime levels, they are less high-fidelity at explaining different patterns of crime between the two. Different from male criminals, females are less likely to commit serious crime or premise crime organizations. When linked with males, females tend to be accomplices who help carry out the plan but never are the leader. Females are more likely to commit crime for more traditional reasons such as accomplishment, betterment, and self preservation. Situational pressures such as relationship problems, loss of a loved one, or need for income is a few reasons females turn to offending.The reentry contextual has been a way of understanding recidivism. The neighborhood a women returns to after being released is a main focus. Most women who are released go back to an impoverished environment which is not suited to keep them clear of crime. Most of these areas do not have the proper treatment centers that are needed to make them successful. The job markets in these neighborhoods are slim and sometimes nonexistent. In turn, moral for a woman who is trying to turn their life around becomes very low. Living conditions are also a key factor. Suitable living arrangements provide social and horny support.Mallik-Kane and Visher found that fifty six percent of women released ended up living with family and friends. Most had been given some sort of financial and emotional support. Over one quarter of these women had not received any support from their families. The Justice Departments Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that there are roughly 2. 1 million female violent crime offenders in the United States. ternion out of every four women commit crimes on other women. devil thirds of all violent women had some sort of relationship with their victim former to committing the crime.Forty percent of these women were under some influence of drugs while carrying out the crime. Over half of these offenses were committed at or near the victims house. In 1997, there were 44 known women inmates on death row. This made up about 1. 3 percent of the total on death row inmates. Society itself is always changing and has changed a kettle of fish in the last couple of decades. Crime is constant battle here in the United States and around the world. All we can do is rely to contain it and keep it as minimum as possible. As reports have been released and studies have been conducted we can see that the crime rate involving women has increased.The rate of violent crimes as in women has significantly risen every year since the early 1980s. At the end of 2001, there were nearly 9 times as many men (5,037,000) in prisons as there were women (581,000). However women are the fastest growing population in American prisons. In 2004, men were ten times more likely to commit violent crimes than women. That statistic is now false as women are committing more crime than ever before. Some argue that the reasoning for this is because of the economy and their social conditions.The majority of the females arrested for violent crimes came from poverty stricken neighborhoods where there was little chance for advancement. Over half of the females did not have a stable job when they offended. Females are included in more organized crime than they were ever before. This comes from being exposed to the elements to commit crime. Inhibiters such as the media who says its Ok to take anger and frustration out through violence or men who use women to be an accomplice in a crime. Females seem to dig themselves deeper into the criminal subculture until they end up serving a ail sentence. Unlike decades ago there are programs to help fem ales through the incarceration process. Key Crest and forever and a day Free were created to help females obtain the correct tools and support they need to return to a normal life. Due to research done after release, it has been shown that these programs due help females stay off drugs and become a positive penis of society. Works Cited Doerner, J. K. , 2007-11-14 An Examination of Sentencing Outcomes in U. S. Federal Courts Does a Gender break Exist? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the AMERICAN golf-club OF CRIMINOLOGY, Atlanta Marriott Marquis, Atlanta, Georgia Online . 2010-01-24 from http//www. allacademic. com/meta/p201202_index. html Drug treatment and reentry for incarcerated women, (2005, Dec). Retrieved February 22, 2010, http//www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/nij/212776. pdf Hickey, Eric. (2003). Encyclopedia of murder and violent crime. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage. Why Women Are Committing More Crimes, (2000, July).Retrieved February 22, 2010, http//findarticles. com/p/ articles/mi_m1355/is_4_98/ai_63291519/pg_2/? tag=contentcol1 Women coming home long-term patterns of recidivism. (2010, April). Justice Quarterly, 225-254. Retrieved February 22, 2010 from http//www. informaworld. com/smpp/ subdivision? content=a910861149&fulltext=713240928 Women & Girls in the Criminal Justice System. Retrieved February 22, 2010 from National Criminal Justice Reference Service Web site http//www. cjrs. gov/spotlight/wgcjs/Summary. html Women in the criminal justice system. (2007, May). Retrieved February 22, 2010,http//www. sentencingproject. org/doc/publications/womenincj_total. pdf Women offenders, (1999, Dec). Retrieved Feb 21, 2010, http//bjs. ojp. usdoj. gov/content/pub/press/wo. pr Zaplin, T Ruth. (2007) Female Offenders Critical Perspectives and Effective Interventions, Second Edition Sudbury, MA. Jones.

The Management Efficiency Unit

I establish been operative in the Public Registry for the last 8 years. The military position of the offices is preferably distant from my residence and sixteen separate colleagues that pass away in the aforesaid(prenominal) department have the same problem. Every morning we ar need to travel a one hour ferry and nearly 2 hours drive to arrive at work.The Management Efficiency Unit far-famed this issue and finally top management decide to take remedial action by requesting a transfer to a nonher department, the Treasury Section, which mitigates such location problem.Unfortunately the scheme designed by executive management was not kosherly planned. They also did not discuss this issue with operational managers who own far greater knowledge on the day to day footrace of the office. As a result the decision lacked practical issues and led to other problems, as will be further illustrated below.Everybody accepted the transfer and we were ultimately informed that our traini ng for the new job will take close to two or three months and will take place in the head office of the Finance Department, which is also distant. The new job was super technical and involved a lot of accountancy issues, which the majority of us were not cap adapted to comprehend that easily.The three months passed and we were still unable to work unsupervised from our tutors. The impracticality of the decision was highlighted from the fact that our principal in charge, who was also taking training was still incapable to work on his own later three months.When these issues started to crop up, crises management arose. A new assistant coach was assigned to this division, who once realized of the vast serious problems arising from such decision, he immediately denied this new role.Demotivation arose in our section and staff is constantly sound off about the problems we are facing. In addition no communication exists amidst us and executive management and we are alone with this n ew work, which we are not trained to do.The only reasonable solution that management was able to come up with is to extend the duration of the training to eight months. unless with this decision they have not yet solve the problem that the location of the office is far from home and are incurring additional cost to train us.If they planned carefully before deciding and discussed it with operational managers they would have definitely solved the problem more efficiently. It is imperative that when managing change proper communication and planning exist.ReferenceJohnson G. Scholes K. Whittington R. (2005). Exploring Corporate Strategy. Seventh Edition. England Pearson Education Limited.

Mental Health Counseling

Professional competence among practicing mental wellness counselors has not been resolved thus far whether it is attained through a licensure or higher educational educate of this field. As per many researches that have been conducted, it takes a lot of preparedness and take in before one could get competence. Besides, advocate a soul with a mental health problem requires adequacy and expertise because irrelevant referral whitethorn result to a more(prenominal) aggravated condition on the crash of the patient. Thus, the issue of competence among mental health counselor requires a more rigid consideration for universal trainings designed to articulate susceptibility.Professional competency is not acquired easily after four years of education in college nor if someone practicing it finds counseling a less embarrassing one. Even fling pay offd therapist may also seek professional serve well or doubt their abilities as counselors according to Gerald Corey, Marianne Schnei der Corey and Patrick Callanan (p. 315). This is why many experts recommend a kind of training for these counselors in order to meet criteria of a competent counselor especially in dealing with mental health problem.There are concrete ways in approaching difficult examples that requires good judgment. In the first place, a counselor must call whether he can do something about the problem, and refer that client to some other therapist long before the allotted sessions end and not at the last day of therapy. This only annoys the client and causes him to be disappointed pass on because of irresponsible referral.Based on the common issues observed in counseling sessions, the therapist must understand two factors that may contribute to his persuasiveness his judgment of the case and adequate training.Personal judgment of the case involves how a counselor evaluates the case and his own capability to handle it. This also engages whether the case needs referral and when or how to co mmunicate that to the client. Referral is the last option when all the viable resources have been used up or exhausted.Training on other hand, is one basic component of competence. Training must be comprehensive and organized in terms of selection of trainees, content, and best approaches to ensure sought after results (Corey, Corey & Callanan, p. 319). Meanwhile, the kind of training to obtain licensure is under the jurisdiction of the accreditation committee however, in most cases, licensure is given to those who obtained degree of psychology in college. Here, the prerequisite trainings to develop a student are incorporated in the curriculum. Generally, hands-on training is the transition point of students to have him acquire knowledge and skills.The content of a training course of instruction should be structured around a particular(prenominal) theoretical orientation that revolves around challenges as seen by concerned groups such(prenominal) as schools and practicing pract itioners. Corey, et.al. pointed out that content must be objective and practical enough to offer students a variety of therapeutic techniques and strategies that can be applied to variety of problems (p. 332). Training program then must show theoretical explanation to given problems in order to help them chew over rationale for every situation.Professional licensing may indicate that a person is competent as long as a comprehensive program is offered to students by the school and licensing department of the government. stated,Licensing examination generally contains a write component which may be supplemented by oral examination or practicum exam (patient diagnosis or counseling). These examination are commonly create verbally or administered by the state board which also provides for scoring them and determines what passing scores are (p. 132).Also, on the part of the school,The watchfulness work experience or practicum is meant to ensure that during the initial years of prac tice, the professional has the guidance necessary to deal with the complexities of practice. It is a transition period between the intense supervision that is supposed to be part of academic training (p. 132).Work CitedCorey, G., Corey, M., & Callanan, P. Issues and moral philosophy in the Helping Professions 7th Edition.Smith, S. & Meyer, R. 1987. Law, Behavior, and Mental Health Policy and Practice. ground forces NYU Press.

The Importance of Play and the Cognitive Development of Children

The Importance of work out and the Cognitive Development of boorren Marlene Joy M. Cepeda Western Governors University generalisation The center on on schoolman success and high assessment gain has led numerous educators and administrators to perceive diarrhoea as an un all important(p) adjourn of a claws incurment. But bestow does lay a good foundation organic evolution aloney for children. Through each different graphic symbols of run away, a child develops the necessary skills in order to succeed. When children atomic chip 18 given opportunities to course, they develop the connections and experiences they result drop to help them succeed pedantically.Since the No Child left hand Behind Act was created in 2001, schools shoot shifted their focus onto academics and achieving high dozens for standardized streamlets. This focus on academics has led many administrators and p bents to perceive interpret as unimportant for children periods line and five years ol d. Even though play may dependm unimportant to those outside early puerility education, it creates a solid foundation for the childs cognitive maturement and future academic success. In 2001, the United States Senate and House of Representatives passed the No Child Left Behind Act that would change the way schools addressed academics.Schools had to focus on ensuring all students were able to per receivedize and were meeting the state academic standards. Kysilka (2003) wrote the purpose of the No Child Left Behind Act was to observe schools, local educational agencies and States accountable for improving the academic achievement of all students and identifying and turning around low-performing schools that have failed to provide a high-quality education to their students, sequence providing alternatives to students in such schools to enable the students to receive a high-quality education (Kysilka, 2003, p. 00). Since schools and administrators ar being held to a standard, p bents be looking at these scores to see if the child succeeds or fails. The focus shifting primarily on academics room the term for play is cut short during school hours if non exclusively removed. More recently, due to state and national emphasis on technique text performance, even the small segments of social pretend play cartridge wet-nurseer that have been allowed (if not encouraged) in school, such as kindergarten choice time and recess breaks are disappearing (Bergen, 2002).Bergen (2002) writes the press for academic readiness through and through concentrated and direct teaching of alphabet, number, color, and other skills is without delay affecting the quantity of time allocated for play in preschools (Bergen, 2002, Challenges and Policy Directions suggested by Recent Research, para. 1). Kindergarten classes at one time are focused on ensuring their students are prepared academically. Instead of allowing the child to develop naturally, schools are now primarily em phasizing on the academics. Kindergarten students are no longer being taught the basics, like the alphabets, colors, or numbers.Kindergarten students are now taught to read simple words and do more reading and writing in class. Three- and four-year-olds are now expected to engage in furthest more early writing and reading activities than ever before (Almon, n. d). Kindergarten programs in the U. S. focus so strongly on teaching literacy, numeracy, and other academic subjects that many children no longer have time to play in kindergarten (Almon, n. d. ). flow time has become unimportant in the schools. directional psychologist Anthony Pellegrini writes for many children, the opportunities for such freely chosen play are narrowing (as cited in Bergen, 2009, p. 28). Pellegini confronts much of their play time at home has been lost to music, dance, or other lessons participations on sports teams (using adult defined rules) and afterschool homework or test preparation. At the same t ime, many schools especially those considered to be poor performers, have reduced or eliminated recess (as cited in Bergen, 2009, p. 428). In the first 5 years of a childs life, play is crucial for increment more so than ensuring that the child understands the ABCs or the colors. Children develop bother solving skills when faced with a challenge in a biz or with the object they are playing with.Children essential think just about what to do in order to overcome a particular bar or challenge. In the process children likewise use language skills to vocalize out frustrations, concerns, or questions to help them understand the situation they are experiencing. In 2006, the Ameri stop Academy of Pediatrics stated free and unstructured play is healthy and, in fact, essential for helping children reach important social, emotional, cognitive festeringal milestones as rise as helping them manage tenseness and become resilient (as cited in Warner, 2009 p. 1).The Zero to Three Organiz ation (2004) writes children are naturally curious beings who are motivated to make sense of the area around them. The brain is the only if organ that is not fully form at birth (Zero to Three Organization, 2004). The Zero to Three Organization (2004) also states during the first 3 years, trillions of connections between brain cells are being make (Zero to Three Organization, 2004). A childs relationships and experiences during the early years greatly influence how her brain grows. Since children are still developing before age 5, it is imperative that they are allowed to develop naturally. in allowing children to experience play early will help them form those experiences and connections and lay that basic foundation before they come out school. While play may not be regarded as important as the academics to succeed, it plays a vital role in the cognitive development of children. Jean Piaget developed a theory about the cognitive development of young children. Piaget understood through his cause observation that children learn logical system and reasoning through manipulation of their environment (Dodge, Colker, Heroman, & Bickart, 2009).Children manipulate the environment through play. Through play, children learn intellection and problem solving skills and understand how the earthly concern around them works. Sara Smilansky had created categories of play and described the skills children were learning through each type of play. Smilansky distinguishes four types of play functional, plastic, dramatic or pretend play, and games with rules (Dodge, Colker, Heroman & Bickart, 2009). When children are actively exploring their world, using their senses and their bodies, this would be described as functional play.This particular play lets when children are babies and are learning about their world. It is during functional play children begin to make those connections of memories to objects in the present. For example when a baby has learned to hold a rattle , they in turn continue to do this action for all(prenominal) other object they butt joint grab. Functional play is a form of play in which children use their sense and muscles to experiment with materials and learn how things go together (Dodge, Colker, Heroman & Bickart, 2009). As children grow and develop so does the basic correspondence of how things work in the world.Children build upon the skills already learned and find they understructure create and build new things. These skills are developed through constructive play. Children learn how certain objects fit together through organizing objects, stacking objects, or barely creating something new with those objects. Allen and Marotz describes the cognitive process includes mental activities such as discovering, interpreting, sorting, classifying, and remembering. All interactions that children experience during their daily activities contribute to their cognitive development (as cited in Guam archaeozoic Learning Guideli nes, 2005, p. 21).Children, ages one year and older, are very observant and can imitate the things they see in the world around them. Using their imagination, children come out themselves in different settings, like the doctors office, or a school, or even the house. Rubin describes role enactment is the highest form of symbolic play (as cited in Umek & Musek, 2001 p. 56). How children use imagination is often based on noncurrent experiences. According to Piaget, assimilation is when children bring in new knowledge to their own schemas and accommodation is when children have to change their schemas to accommodate the new learning or knowledge.This adjustment process occurs when learning, as one is processing new information to fit into what is already in ones memory (as cited in Powell & Kalina, 2009, p. 3). This play called dramatic play can occur when the child is by themselves or with other children. In dramatic play children typically pull in ones horns on a role, pretend to be someone else, and use real or pretend objects to play out a role (Dodge, Colker, Heroman & Bickart, 2009). Children, ages trine to four years old, begin to understand certain things have to be done a certain way.They learn that there are rules and guidelines that must be pursueed not only for reasons of safety, but the safety and well-being of others. This lesson can be taught to children, ages three to four years old, through games with rules. more or less games engage lots of movement and lots of room dodge ball, kickball, musical chairs. Some games can be played on tables with a small number of people bingo, Uno, go fish. Through this type of play, children not only use their muscles, both big and small, but they learn to communicate with their friends or better half in the game.Children also learn to respect the others when it is their turn and learn to follow the rules. This type of play requires the children to use many of senses, teach them to play well with others, and respect everyone who is playing the game. There are two broad types of games with rules-table games and bodily or movement games. Both require children to control their behavior, both physically and verbally, to conform to a structure or preset rules (Dodge, Colker, Heroman & Bickart, 2009). When children are not given the opportunity to play, they may not learn many of skills that are associated with play.Gould had written humans, as specialists in non-specialisation, have survived not through wet and narrow ways of behaving, but through adaptive qualities of quirkiness, flexibility, and unpredict great power and sloppiness. These are the essence of play (as cited in Lester, 2010 p. 16). The ability for children to play is fix to the ability to being creative and imaginative. The skills of being creative and imaginative can be lost or forgotten if children are not able to shape these skills. Almon (n. d. writes given the importance of play for childrens physical, social, e motional, and mental development, the demise of play will certainly have serious consequences during childhood and throughout childrens lives (Almon, n. d. ). Almon (n. d. ) explains indeed, there is growing concern about what kind of society we are creating if a generation of children grow up without play and the creative thinking that emerges from play (Almon, n. d. ). To many outside the early childhood education, play may seem unimportant.Laying the basic foundation for success, play is an integral part of a childs growth. Children gain many benefits through play. Not only do the children develop social skills through interactions with other children, but they continue to develop their thinking and problem solving skills. The manipulation of the world around them through play helps create those lasting memories and allows for connections of the past experiences to be tied to the experiences of the present. References Almon, J. (n. d. ). The Vital Role of Play in Childhood. Retri eved from http//www. aldorfearlychildhood. org/article. asp? id=5 Bergen, D. & Fromberg, D. P. (2009). Play and Social Interaction in Middle Childhood. Phi Delta Kappan, 90(6), 426-430. Bergen, D. (2002). The Role of Pretend Play in Childrens Cognitive Development. Supplemental material. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 4(1) Retrieved from http//ecrp. uiuc. edu/v4n1/bergen. hypertext mark-up language Dodge, D. T. , Colker, L. J. , Heroman, C. , & Bickart, T. S. (2009). The Creative Curriculum for Preschool. (4th ed. ). Washington, D. C. Teaching Strategies, Inc. Early Childhood Care & Education Committee. 2005). Guam early learning guidelines for young children ages three to five. Mangilao, Guam The Guam Department of Public health & Social Services. Kysilka, M. L. (2003). NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND. Curriculum & Teaching Dialogue, 5(2), 99-104. Lester. S. (n. d. ). Childrens Right to Play An examination of the importance of play in the lives of children worldwide. operative paper s in early childhood development, No. 57. Bernard Van look Foundation. Power, K. C. , & Kalina, C. J. (2009). Cognitive and Social Constructivism Developing tools for and effective classroom.Education, 130(2), 241-250. Umek. L. , & Musek, P. (2001) Symbolic Play opportunities for cognitive and language development in preschool settings. Early Years Journal of transnational Research & Development, 21(1), 55-64. Doi10. 1080/09575140020022689 Warner, L. (n. d. ). Youre It Thoughts on Play and Learning in Schools. Horace, 24(n2) Zero to Three Organization. (2004). Getting ready for school begins at birth Brochure. Retrieved from http//www. zerotothree. org/child-development/social-emotional-development/gettingreadyforschoolbeginsatbirth. pdf