King Richard Essay -- History England King Richard Essays

exponent RichardMy report is on Richard I, byname Richard the Lion-Hearted. He was natural September 8, 1157 in Oxford, England. He died on April 6, 1199 in Chalus, England. His knightly modality and his prowess in the Third Crusade(1189-92) made him a popular mightiness in his consume time, as well as the hero of incalculable romantic legends. He has been viewed less kindly by much new-fashioned historians and scholars.Richard was the third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and he was given the duchy of Aquitaine, his mothers inheritance, at the age of 11 and was enthroned as duke at Poitiers in 1172. Richard possessed precocious political and military ability, he won fame for his knightly prowess, and quickly learned how to control the turbulent noblesse of Poitou and Gascony. Like all Henry IIs legitimate sons, Richard had no filial piety, foresight, or sense of responsibility. He joined his brothers in the massiverebellion(1173-74)against his father, who invaded Aquistaine twice before Richard submitted and received pardon. Thereafter, Richard was occupied with suppressing baronial revolts in his own duchy. His harshness infuriated the Gascons, who revolted in 1183 and called in the help of the Young pouf Henry and his brother, Geoffrey of Brittany, in an effort to drive Richard from his duchy altogether. Alarmed at the threatened disintegration of his empire, Henry II brought the feudal host of his Continental lands to Richards aid, but the younger Henry died suddenly(June 11, 1183)and the uprising collapsed. Richard was now replacement to England, and to Normandy and Anjou, and his father wished him to yield Aquitaine to his youngest brother, John. But Richard,a true southerner, would not desert the duchy in which he had grown up.Richard received Normandy on July 20, and the English throne on September 30. Richard, unlike Philip, had only one ambition, to tame the crusade prompted by Saladins capture of Jerusalem in 1187 . He had no conception of planning for the future of the English monarchy, and put up everything for sale to buy arms for the crusade. Yet he had not compose king to preside over the dismemberment of the Angevin Empire. He brokewith Philip and didnt neglect Angevin defenses on the Continent. Open war was averted only because Philip also took the cross. Richard dunk deep into his fathers treasure and sold sherif... ...of Hubert Walter, justifier and archbishop of Canterbury. It was Richardsimpetuosity that brought him to his death at the early age of forty-two. The Vicomte of Limoges refused to hand over a hoard of gold unearthed by a local peasant. Richard laid siege to his castle of Chalus and in an unlucky moment was wounded. He died in 1199. He was buried in the abbey church of Fontevrault, where Henry II and poove Eleanor are also buried, and his effigy is still preserved there.Richard was a perfect Angevin, irresponsible and hot-tempered, possessed of tremendou s energy, and capable of great cruelty. He was more accomplished than most of his family, a soldier of consummate ability, a practised politician, and capable of inspiring loyal service. He was a lyrical poet of massive power and the hero of troubadours. He was both an honored and despised man. whole kit and caboodle CitedA History of the Crusades Vol. 3 1954Richard the Lion Heart K. Norgate 1969Itinerary of King Richard the First L.Landon 1935Loss of Normandy 1189-1204 2nd Edition 1961Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Four Kings A. Kelly 1950Encyclopedia Britannica Online www.eb.com 1999